Abstract

This paper presents a techno-economic evaluation of solid oxide fuel cells powered by hydrogen produced from hybrid systems using either ethanol or methane. Steady-state models were developed based on equations and parameters reported in the literature. By integrating simulation results with cost estimations, the study provides insights into the viability and competitiveness of cell-based systems for low-carbon energy generation. Scenarios involving 21 MW (biogas) and 101.91 GWh/year of electricity production were investigated. Results indicate that cell modules are the primary cost drivers, accounting for approximately 70–80% of total capital investment, while ethanol procurement emerged as the main contributor to operational expenditures in relevant scenarios. Comparative analysis showed that the systems can achieve lower levelized costs of electricity than conventional back-up technologies such as photovoltaic systems coupled to batteries and diesel generators—reaching $112.70/MWh and $166.93/MWh in the most favorable cases. These findings highlight the technological and economic potential and suggest that, with continued development and scale-up, such systems could become increasingly competitive in future energy markets.