Abstract

Peak load management and grid stabilization have a strong potential in terms of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology implementation in microgrids. Nevertheless, V2G systems are very sensitive to the size of the systems, as well as, powerful Energy Management Strategies (EMS). The paper is a critical review of optimization algorithms applied to sizing V2G systems in grid-connected microgrids. As opposed to general descriptions, this paper directly links optimization constraints, including, but not limited to battery degradation, and renewable intermittency, with system performance. EMS strategies divide into Rule-Based (RB) and Optimization-Based (OB) strategies with trade-offs between their computational complexity, convergence rate, and solution quality. More so, the review indicates the essential weaknesses of existing literature, namely, the absence of real-time hardware validation and the inability to scale up metaheuristic algorithms. Lastly, a decision framework is provided to help the researchers to choose the right algorithms depending on a certain microgrid setup and performance measures.