Abstract

Many countries face the challenge of growing electricity demand, greenhouse gas emissions limits, and energy security goals. Decision support models can help plan energy systems to balance these considerations. In this paper, a P-graph optimisation model was developed to aid regional energy planning while considering current power generation capacity and potential growth. The model was demonstrated for two case studies:  regional electricity trading in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and Canadian provinces. The Paris Agreement targets for 2030 were considered in both regions. For the ASEAN case, it was found that 289.33 TWh/y of renewable energy should be introduced to meet future demands. The change of allocation with cost and carbon emissions constraints was also analysed.  For Canada, Alberta would need 36.02 TWh/y of additional hydropower or wind, or 41.16 TWh/y of additional solar energy. If nuclear energy were considered, at least 36.25 TWh/y would be needed.