Abstract

Climate change stands as one of the most significant global threats of the 21st century, directly impacting water resources and challenging their resilience against water-related crises. This review paper analyses global trends in the resilience of water resources to climate change, with the primary aim of examining key challenges and opportunities, evaluating diverse policies and strategies across various countries, and presenting best management practices to enhance water resilience. The study begins by introducing the concept of water resources resilience in the face of climate change, followed by an in-depth examination of critical challenges such as shifts in precipitation patterns, rising temperatures, declining water availability, and the intensification of water crises. Emphasis is placed on the necessity for robust infrastructure development, the integration of advanced technologies, and the implementation of sustainable policies at global, national, and local levels. Furthermore, the paper highlights the importance of incorporating social, economic, and cultural dimensions into policy-making and implementation processes. Findings indicate that despite technological advancements and various initiatives, many countries particularly those in less developed regions face persistent obstacles such as limited access to financial resources, insufficient technical capacity, and a lack of international coordination. Consequently, the study recommends strengthening international cooperation, improving water resource management policies, and raising public awareness of climate change as essential strategies to bolster the resilience of water systems against future crises. Ultimately, the paper underscores the critical need for global collaboration and knowledge exchange in water resource management and climate adaptation efforts.